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Qorshaha Tababbarka Gait-ka Caawinta Robot ee Bukaannada ku jira Muddada Soo kabashada Dhiig-dhiigfuranka Ka Dib: Tijaabo La Xakameeyay Oo Indho La'aan La Kala Soocay

Biomed Res Int.2021;2021: 5820304.
Waxaa la daabacay online 2021 Aug 29. doi:10.1155/2021/5820304
PMCID: PMC8419501

Qorshaha Tababbarka Gait-ka Caawinta Robot ee Bukaannada ku jira Muddada Soo kabashada Dhiig-dhiigfuranka Ka Dib: Tijaabo La Xakameeyay Oo Indho La'aan La Kala Soocay

Asalkii hore

Socod la'aan ayaa ka jirta bukaanada intooda badan ka dib istaroogga.Caddaynta ku saabsan tabobar socodka laba toddobaad gudahooda way ku yar tahay goobaha kheyraadka ku xaddidan;daraasaddan waxaa loo sameeyay si loo baaro saameynta qorshe-gaaban ee uu caawiyay robot-ka qorshe tababar socod ee bukaannada qaba istaroogga.

Hababka

85 bukaan ayaa si aan kala sooc lahayn loogu qoondeeyay mid ka mid ah labada kooxood ee daawaynta, iyadoo 31 bukaan ay ka baxeen daawaynta ka hor.Barnaamijka tababarku waxa uu ka koobnaa 14 kalfadhi oo 2 saacadood ah, 2 toddobaad oo xidhiidh ah.Bukaannada loo qoondeeyay kooxda tabobar gait-ka caawiyay robot-ka ayaa lagu daweeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo Nidaamka Tababarka iyo Qiimaynta Gait A3 ee NX (Kooxda RT,n= 27).Koox kale oo bukaanno ah ayaa loo qoondeeyay kooxda tababbarka socodka dhulka ee caadiga ah (kooxda PT,n= 27).Cabbirrada natiijada ayaa la qiimeeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo falanqaynta cabbiraadda waqtiga-meel-gaadhka ah, Qiimaynta Fugl-Meyer (FMA), iyo buundooyinka Imtixaanka Waqtiga iyo Go'da (TUG).

Natiijooyinka

Falanqaynta halbeegga waqtiga-meel-gaadhka ah ee socodka, labada kooxood ma soo bandhigin wax isbeddel ah oo la taaban karo oo ku saabsan cabbirrada waqtiga, laakiin kooxda RT waxay soo bandhigtay saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan isbeddellada cabbirrada booska (dhererka socodka, xawaaraha socodka, iyo xagal ka soo baxa,P<0.05).Tababarka ka dib, buundooyinka FMA (20.22 ± 2.68) ee kooxda PT iyo dhibcaha FMA (25.89 ± 4.6) ee kooxda RT waxay ahaayeen kuwo muhiim ah.Imtixaanka Timed Up iyo Go, dhibcaha FMA ee kooxda PT (22.43 ± 3.95) waxay ahaayeen kuwo muhiim ah, halka kuwa ku jira kooxda RT (21.31 ± 4.92) aysan ahayn.Isbarbardhigga kooxaha ayaa muujin kala duwanaansho la taaban karo.

Gabagabo

Kooxda RT iyo kooxda PT labaduba waxay qayb ahaan wanaajin karaan awoodda socodka bukaannada istaroogga 2 toddobaad gudahood.

1. Hordhac

Faaliggu waa sababta ugu weyn ee naafanimada.Daraasado hore ayaa sheegay in, 3 bilood ka dib bilawga, saddex-meelood meel bukaannada badbaaday ayaa ku tiirsan kursiga curyaanka iyo xawaaraha socodka iyo dulqaadka ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacay qiyaastii 80% bukaannada ambalaaska.1-3].Sidaa darteed, si loo caawiyo soo laabashada dambe ee bukaanada bulshada, dib u soo celinta shaqada socodka ayaa ah yoolka ugu weyn ee baxnaaninta hore [4].

Ilaa hadda, fursadaha daaweynta ugu waxtarka badan (soo noqnoqda iyo muddada) ee hagaajinta socodka hore ka dib istaroogga, iyo sidoo kale horumarinta muuqda iyo muddada, ayaa weli ah mawduuca doodda [5].Dhinaca kale, waxaa la arkay in hababka shaqada gaarka ah ee soo noqnoqda ee leh xoojinta socodka sare ay u horseedi karto horumar weyn oo ku yimaada socodka bukaannada istaroogga.6].Gaar ahaan, waxaa la sheegay in dadka helay isku-darka tababarka socodka koronto-ku-caawinta iyo daaweynta jireed ee istaroogga ka dib ay muujiyeen horumar ka weyn kuwa helay kaliya tababarka socodka joogtada ah, gaar ahaan 3-dii bilood ee ugu horreeyay ka dib istaroogga, waxayna u badan tahay inay gaaraan socod madax banaan7].Dhanka kale, ka qaybgalayaasha istaroogga hoose ee qaba xanuunka socodka dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa daran, noocyada kala duwan ee waxqabadyada tababbarka socodka caadiga ah ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inay ka waxtar badan yihiin tabobar socodka socodka ee uu caawiyay robot-ka.8,9].Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira caddayn ah in waxqabadka socodka la hagaajin doono iyada oo aan loo eegin haddii tababarka socodka uu isticmaalo tababarka socodka robotka ama jimicsiga dhulka [10].

Tan iyo dhamaadkii 2019, marka loo eego siyaasadaha caymiska caafimaadka gudaha iyo deegaanka ee Shiinaha, inta badan qaybaha Shiinaha, haddii caymiska caafimaadka loo isticmaalo dib u bixinta kharashaadka isbitaalka, bukaannada istaroogga waxa la dhigi karaa cusbitaalka 2 toddobaad oo keliya.Sababtoo ah joogitaanka cusbitaalka caadiga ah ee 4-toddobaad ah ayaa laga dhigay 2 toddobaad, waxaa muhiim ah in la sameeyo habab baxnaanin oo sax ah oo waxtar leh bukaannada istaroogga hore.Si loo baadho arrintan, waxaanu is barbar dhignay saamaynta qorshaha daawaynta hore ee ku lug leh tababarka socodka gait ee robotka (RT) iyo tababarka socodka socodka dhulka ee caadiga ah (PT) si loo go'aamiyo qorshaha daaweynta ugu faa'iidada badan ee hagaajinta socodka.

Tani waxay ahayd hal xarun, indhoole keliya, tijaabo la kontoroolo oo randomized ah.Daraasadda waxaa ansixiyay Cusbitaalka ugu horreeya ee ku xiran Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda Shiinaha (IRB, Guddiga Dib-u-eegista Hay'adaha) (No. 2020-KY627).Shuruudaha ka mid noqoshada ayaa ahaa sida soo socota: istaroogga halbowlaha dhexe ee dhexe ee hore (oo lagu duubay sawir sawir qaade ah oo kombuyuutar ah ama imaging resonance magnet);laga bilaabo bilawga istaroogga ee ka yar 12 toddobaad;Marxaladda Brunnstrom ee shaqada hoose ee cirifka hoose taas oo ahayd marxaladda III ilaa heerka IV;Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) dhibco ≥ 26, awood u leh in ay iska kaashadaan dhamaystirka tababarka baxnaaninta oo awood u leh in ay si cad u muujiyaan dareenka tababarka11];da'da 35-75 sano, lab ama dhedig;iyo in lagu heshiiyo in laga qayb qaato tijaabada caafimaadka, iyadoo la siinayo oggolaansho qoraal ah oo xog ogaal ah.

Shuruudaha ka-saarista waxay ahaayeen sida soo socota: weerar ischemic ku-meel-gaar ah;dhaawacyada hore ee maskaxda, iyadoon loo eegin etiology;joogitaanka dayaca ee lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo Tijaabada Dawanno (farqiga shan ka mid ah 35 dawanno laga saaray inta u dhaxaysa midigta iyo dhinacyada bidix waxay muujinaysaa dayacaad hemispatial) [12,13];aphasia;baaritaanka neerfaha si loo qiimeeyo joogitaanka naafanimada somatosensory ee kiliinikada ah;barar daran oo saameeya cidhifyada hoose (dhibcaha miisaanka Ashworth oo la beddelay oo ka weyn 2);baaritaanka kiliinikada si loo qiimeeyo joogitaanka dhaqdhaqaaqa hoose ee apraxia (oo leh khaladaadka dhaqdhaqaaqa ee noocyada dhaqdhaqaaqa lugaha ee lagu kala saaro iyada oo la adeegsanayo shuruudaha soo socda: dhaqdhaqaaqyo qallafsan ee maqnaanshaha dhaqdhaqaaqyada asaasiga ah iyo cilladaha dareenka, ataxia, iyo murqaha caadiga ah);kala qaybsanaanta tooska ah ee aan ikhtiyaarka lahayn;kala duwanaanshaha lafaha lugaha hoose, qallafsanaanta, cilladaha anatomical, iyo naafo wadajir ah oo leh sababo kala duwan;caabuqa maqaarka ee degaanka ama dhaawac ka hooseeya labka sinta ee addinka hoose;bukaanka qaba suuxdin, kaas oo aan xaaladdooda si wax ku ool ah loo xakameyn;isku darka cudurrada kale ee halista ah ee habdhiska, sida cillad daran oo wadnaha ah;ka qayb qaadashada tijaabooyinka kale ee kiliinikada 1 bilood ka hor tijaabada;iyo ku guuldareysiga saxiixa ogolaanshaha la wargaliyay.Dhammaan maadooyinka waxay ahaayeen tabaruceyaal, dhammaantoodna waxay bixiyeen oggolaansho qoraal ah si ay uga qaybqaataan daraasadda, taas oo lagu fuliyay sida ku cad Baaqa Helsinki oo ay ansixiyeen Guddiga Anshaxa ee Cusbitaalka Koowaad ee ku xiran Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda Shiinaha.

Imtixaanka ka hor, waxaanu si aan kala sooc lahayn u qoondaynay ka qaybgalayaasha xaqa u leh laba kooxood.Waxaan bukaannada u xilsaarnay mid ka mid ah labada kooxood ee daawaynta iyadoo lagu saleynayo nidaamka kala-soocidda xaddidan ee ay soo saartay software-ku.Baarayaasha go'aamiyay in bukaanku u qalmo ka mid noqoshada tijaabada ma aysan garanayn kooxda (meelaynta qarsoon) ee bukaanka loo qoondayn doono marka ay go'aan ka gaarayaan.Baare kale ayaa hubiyay qoondaynta saxda ah ee bukaanka sida ku cad shaxda kala soocan.Ka sokow daawaynta ku jirta borotokoolka daraasadda, labada kooxood ee bukaanku waxay heleen 0.5 saacadood oo ah daaweynta jireed ee caadiga ah maalin kasta, mana jirto nooc kale oo baxnaanin ah oo la sameeyay.

2. Hababka

2.1.Nakhshad Waxbarasho

Tani waxay ahayd hal xarun, indhoole keliya, tijaabo la kontoroolo oo randomized ah.Daraasadda waxaa ansixiyay Cusbitaalka ugu horreeya ee ku xiran Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda Shiinaha (IRB, Guddiga Dib-u-eegista Hay'adaha) (No. 2020-KY627).Shuruudaha ka mid noqoshada ayaa ahaa sida soo socota: istaroogga halbowlaha dhexe ee dhexe ee hore (oo lagu duubay sawir sawir qaade ah oo kombuyuutar ah ama imaging resonance magnet);laga bilaabo bilawga istaroogga ee ka yar 12 toddobaad;Marxaladda Brunnstrom ee shaqada hoose ee cirifka hoose taas oo ahayd marxaladda III ilaa heerka IV;Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) dhibco ≥ 26, awood u leh in ay iska kaashadaan dhamaystirka tababarka baxnaaninta oo awood u leh in ay si cad u muujiyaan dareenka tababarka11];da'da 35-75 sano, lab ama dhedig;iyo in lagu heshiiyo in laga qayb qaato tijaabada caafimaadka, iyadoo la siinayo oggolaansho qoraal ah oo xog ogaal ah.

Shuruudaha ka-saarista waxay ahaayeen sida soo socota: weerar ischemic ku-meel-gaar ah;dhaawacyada hore ee maskaxda, iyadoon loo eegin etiology;joogitaanka dayaca ee lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo Tijaabada Dawanno (farqiga shan ka mid ah 35 dawanno laga saaray inta u dhaxaysa midigta iyo dhinacyada bidix waxay muujinaysaa dayacaad hemispatial) [12,13];aphasia;baaritaanka neerfaha si loo qiimeeyo joogitaanka naafanimada somatosensory ee kiliinikada ah;barar daran oo saameeya cidhifyada hoose (dhibcaha miisaanka Ashworth oo la beddelay oo ka weyn 2);baaritaanka kiliinikada si loo qiimeeyo joogitaanka dhaqdhaqaaqa hoose ee apraxia (oo leh khaladaadka dhaqdhaqaaqa ee noocyada dhaqdhaqaaqa lugaha ee lagu kala saaro iyada oo la adeegsanayo shuruudaha soo socda: dhaqdhaqaaqyo qallafsan ee maqnaanshaha dhaqdhaqaaqyada asaasiga ah iyo cilladaha dareenka, ataxia, iyo murqaha caadiga ah);kala qaybsanaanta tooska ah ee aan ikhtiyaarka lahayn;kala duwanaanshaha lafaha lugaha hoose, qallafsanaanta, cilladaha anatomical, iyo naafo wadajir ah oo leh sababo kala duwan;caabuqa maqaarka ee degaanka ama dhaawac ka hooseeya labka sinta ee addinka hoose;bukaanka qaba suuxdin, kaas oo aan xaaladdooda si wax ku ool ah loo xakameyn;isku darka cudurrada kale ee halista ah ee habdhiska, sida cillad daran oo wadnaha ah;ka qayb qaadashada tijaabooyinka kale ee kiliinikada 1 bilood ka hor tijaabada;iyo ku guuldareysiga saxiixa ogolaanshaha la wargaliyay.Dhammaan maadooyinka waxay ahaayeen tabaruceyaal, dhammaantoodna waxay bixiyeen oggolaansho qoraal ah si ay uga qaybqaataan daraasadda, taas oo lagu fuliyay sida ku cad Baaqa Helsinki oo ay ansixiyeen Guddiga Anshaxa ee Cusbitaalka Koowaad ee ku xiran Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda Shiinaha.

Imtixaanka ka hor, waxaanu si aan kala sooc lahayn u qoondaynay ka qaybgalayaasha xaqa u leh laba kooxood.Waxaan bukaannada u xilsaarnay mid ka mid ah labada kooxood ee daawaynta iyadoo lagu saleynayo nidaamka kala-soocidda xaddidan ee ay soo saartay software-ku.Baarayaasha go'aamiyay in bukaanku u qalmo ka mid noqoshada tijaabada ma aysan garanayn kooxda (meelaynta qarsoon) ee bukaanka loo qoondayn doono marka ay go'aan ka gaarayaan.Baare kale ayaa hubiyay qoondaynta saxda ah ee bukaanka sida ku cad shaxda kala soocan.Ka sokow daawaynta ku jirta borotokoolka daraasadda, labada kooxood ee bukaanku waxay heleen 0.5 saacadood oo ah daaweynta jireed ee caadiga ah maalin kasta, mana jirto nooc kale oo baxnaanin ah oo la sameeyay.

 

2.1.1.Kooxda RT

Bukaannada loo qoondeeyay kooxdan waxay soo mareen tababbarka socodka iyada oo loo marayo Nidaamka Tababarka iyo Qiimaynta Gait A3 (NX, China), kaas oo ah robot gait koronto ah oo la wado kaas oo bixiya tabobar socodka socodka ah oo soo noqnoqda, xoog badan, iyo hawl gaar ah.Tababarka jimicsiga tooska ah ayaa lagu qabtay qalabka lagu tumayo.Bukaanka aan ka qayb qaadan qiimaynta waxa lagu sameeyay daawaynta la kormeeray iyada oo la hagaajiyay xawaaraha treadmill iyo taageero miisaan.Nidaamkani waxa uu ku lug lahaa hababka miisaanka luminta firfircoon iyo kuwa taagan, kaas oo u ekaan kara xarunta dhabta ah ee isbeddellada cuf-jiidadka marka la socdo.Marka ay hawluhu hagaagaan, heerarka taageerada miisaanka, xawaaraha treadmill, iyo xoogga hagida ayaa dhammaantood la hagaajiyaa si loo ilaaliyo dhinaca daciifka ah ee muruqyada jilibka inta lagu jiro booska taagan.Heerka taageerada miisaanka ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah hoos loogu dhigaa 50% ilaa 0%, iyo xoogga hagitaanku waa la dhimay 100% ilaa 10% muruqyada sinta iyo jilibka si ay si firfircoon uga qayb qaataan habka socodka) [14,15].Intaa waxaa dheer, marka loo eego dulqaadka bukaan kasta, xawaaraha treadmill (laga bilaabo 1.2 km / h) wuxuu kordhay 0.2 ilaa 0.4 km / h koorsada daaweynta, ilaa 2.6 km / h.Muddada waxtarka leh ee RT kasta waxay ahayd 50 daqiiqo.

 

2.1.2.Kooxda PT

Tababarka socodka dhulka ee caadiga ah wuxuu ku salaysan yahay farsamooyinka daawaynta horumarinta neerfaha ee soo jireenka ah.Daawayntani waxay ku lug lahayd ku celcelinta dheellitirka fadhiga, wareejinta firfircoon, fadhi-fadhiga, iyo tababbarka degdegga ah ee bukaannada qaba xanuunka dareemayaasha.Marka la wanaajiyo shaqada jireed, tababarka bukaannada ayaa sii kordhay dhibka, oo ay ku jiraan tababbarka dheellitirka joogtada ah ee firfircoon, ugu dambeyntiina u kobcaya tababbarka socodka shaqada, iyadoo la sii wado fulinta tababbarka degdegga ah.16].

Bukaan-socodka ayaa loo qoondeeyay kooxdan tababarka socodka dhulka (waqtiga wax ku oolka ah ee 50 daqiiqo casharkiiba), oo loogu talagalay in lagu hagaajiyo xakamaynta booska inta lagu jiro socodka, wareejinta miisaanka, marxaladda taagan, xasiloonida marxaladda lulida bilaashka ah, ciribta xiriirka buuxa, iyo habka socodka.Isla daaweeyaha la tababaray ayaa daweeyay dhammaan bukaannada kooxdan wuxuuna jaangooyay waxqabadka jimicsi kasta iyadoo loo eegayo xirfadaha bukaanka (tusaale ahaan, awoodda ka qayb qaadashada horumar iyo firfircooni dheeri ah inta lagu jiro socodka) iyo xoojinta dulqaadka, sida hore loogu sharraxay kooxda RT.

2.2.Hababka

Dhammaan ka qaybgalayaasha waxa ay mareen barnaamij tababar oo ka kooban koorso 2-saac ah (oo ay ku jirto xilliga nasashada) maalin kasta 14 maalmood oo isku xigta.Tababar kastaa wuxuu ka koobnaa laba wakhti oo 50-daqiiqo ah oo tabobar ah, iyadoo ay u dhexeeyaan hal nasasho oo 20-daqiiqo ah.Bukaan-socodka waxaa lagu qiimeeyay bilowga iyo usbuuca 1 iyo 2 kadib (barta ugu dambeysa).Isla qiimeeyaasheeda ayaan aqoon u lahayn shaqada kooxda waxayna qiimeeyeen dhammaan bukaannada.Waxaan tijaabinay waxtarka habka indho-indheynta annagoo ka codsanayna qiimeeyaha inuu sameeyo qiyaas aqoon leh.

2.3.Natiijooyinka

Natiijooyinka ugu muhiimsan waxay ahaayeen buundooyinka FMA iyo buundooyinka imtixaanka TUG ka hor iyo ka dib tababarka.Falanqaynta halbeegga waqtiga-meel-gaadhka ah ayaa sidoo kale la sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo nidaamka qiimaynta hawlaha dheelitirka (qaabka: AL-080, Anhui Aili Intelligent Technology Co, Anhui, Shiinaha) [17], oo ay ku jiraan wakhtiga socodka (s), wakhtiga marxaladda mawqifka keliya, wakhtiga wejiga laba-geesoodka ah, wakhtiga wejiga lulida, wakhtiga marxaladda mawqifka, dhererka socodka (cm), xawaaraha socodka (m/ s), cadence (tallaabo/daqiiqo), ballaca socodka (cm), iyo xagal suul ka baxay (deg).

Daraasaddan, saamiga summaynta ee u dhexeeya cabbirrada booska/waqtiga laba geesoodka ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si fudud loo aqoonsado heerka summetry ee u dhexeeya dhinaca ay saamaysay iyo dhinaca yar ee ay saamaysay.Qaabka saamiga summaynta ee laga helay saamiga summaynta waa sidan soo socota.18]:

Saamaynta summadda=dhinac ay saamaysay (qiimaha cabbirka) dhinac aan saamaynaynin (qiimaha cabbirka).
(1)

 

Marka dhinaca ay saamaysay ay u siman tahay dhinaca ay saamaysay, natiijadu waxay noqonaysaa 1. Marka saamiga summaantu uu ka weyn yahay 1, qaybinta halbeegyada u dhiganta dhinaca ay saamaysay waa mid sare.Marka saamiga summaantu uu ka yar yahay 1, qaybinta halbeegga u dhiganta dhinaca yar ee ay saamaysay ayaa sarreeya.

2.4.Falanqaynta Tirakoobka

Software-ka falanqaynta tirakoobka ee SPSS 18.0 ayaa loo adeegsaday falanqaynta xogta.Imtixaanka Kolmogorov-Smirnov ayaa loo isticmaalay si loo qiimeeyo qiyaasta caadiga ah.Sifooyinka ka qaybgalayaasha koox kasta ayaa la tijaabiyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo madax banaant-imtixaanka doorsoomayaasha sida caadiga ah loo qaybiyo iyo Mann–WhitneyUimtixaanada doorsoomayaal aan caadi ahayn oo loo qaybiyey.Imtixaanka darajada ee Wilcoxon ee saxeexay ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu barbardhigo isbeddelada ka hor iyo ka dib daaweynta labada kooxood.Pqiimayaasha <0.05 ayaa loo tixgeliyey inay muujinayaan muhiimadda tirakoobka.

3. Natiijooyinka

Laga bilaabo Abriil 2020 ilaa Diseembar 2020, wadar ah 85 mutadawiciin ah oo la kulmay shuruudaha u-qalmitaanka ee leh istaroog dabadheeraad ah ayaa isu diiwaangeliyay inay ka qaybqaataan tijaabada.Waxaa si aan kala sooc lahayn loogu qoondeeyay kooxda PT (n= 40) iyo kooxda RTn= 45).Bukaannada 31 ma helin faragelinta loo qoondeeyay (ka-noqoshada ka hor daaweynta) lamana daweyn karo sababo shaqsiyadeed oo kala duwan iyo xaddidaadaha xaaladaha baarista bukaan-socodka.Dhammaadkii, 54 kaqeybgale oo buuxiyey shuruudaha u-qalmitaanka ayaa ka qaybqaatay tababarka (Kooxda PT,n= 27;Kooxda RT,n= 27).Shaxda socodka isku dhafan ee muujinaya naqshadda cilmi-baarista ayaa lagu muujiyaySawirka 1.Lama soo sheegin dhacdooyin halis ah oo halis ah.

Fayl dibadeed oo haya sawir, sawir, iwm.Magaca shaygu waa BMRI2021-5820304.001.jpg

Jaantuska socodka isbahaysiga ee daraasadda.

3.1.Asal ahaan

Qiimaynta asaasiga ah, lama arag farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya labada kooxood marka loo eego da'da (P= 0.14), wakhtiga bilawga istarooggaP= 0.47), buundooyinka FMA (P= 0.06), iyo buundooyinka TUG (P= 0.17).Tilmaamaha tirakoobka iyo daaweynta bukaannada ayaa lagu muujiyay ShaxannadaShaxda11iyoiyo 22.

Shaxda 1

Astaamaha asaasiga ah ee bukaanka.

  RT (n= 27) PT (n= 27)
Da'da (SD, xadka) 57.89 (10.08) 52.11 (5.49)
Istaroogga toddobaadyada ka dambeeya (SD, kala duwan) 7.00 (2.12) 7.89 (2.57)
Galmo (M/F) 18/9 12/15
Dhinaca istaroogga (L/R) 12/15 18/9
Nooca istaroogga ( ischemic/hemorrhagic) 15/12 18/9

RT: tababbarka socodka uu caawiyay robot;PT: daaweynta jireed.Soo koobida qiyamka celceliska (SD) ee doorsoomayaasha tirakoobka iyo cabbiraadaha caafimaad ee kooxaha RT iyo PT.

Shaxda 2

Isbeddellada Natiijooyinka Hoose iyo Sare ee 2 toddobaad.

  PT (n= 27)
Dhexdhexaad (SD)
RT (n= 27)
Dhexdhexaad (SD)
Kooxaha u dhexeeya
Kahor Ku dhaji P Kahor Ku dhaji P P
FMA 17.0 (2.12) 20.22 (2.68) <0.01 21.3 (5.34) 25.89 (4.60) 0.02 0.26
TUG 26.8 (5.09) 22.43 (3.95) <0.01 23.4 (6.17) 21.31 (4.92) 0.28 0.97
Qiyaasta waqtiga
Waqtiga socodka 1.75 (0.41) 1.81 (0.42) 0.48 1.84 (0.37) 2.27 (1.19) 0.37 0.90
Mawqif keli ah 0.60 (0.12) 0.65 (0.17) 0.40 0.66 (0.09) 0.94 (0.69) 0.14 0.63
Laba mawqif 0.33 (0.13) 0.36 (0.13) 0.16 0.37 (0.15) 0.40 (0.33) 0.44 0.15
Marxaladda lulidda 0.60 (0.12) 0.65 (0.17) 0.40 0.66 (0.09) 0.94 (0.69) 0.14 0.63
Marxaladda mawqifka 1.14 (0.33) 1.16 (0.29) 0.37 1.14 (0.28) 1.39 (0.72) 0.29 0.90
Xuduudaha booska
Dhererka socodka 122.42 (33.09) 119.49 (30.98) 0.59 102.35 (46.14) 91.74 (39.05) 0.03 0.48
xawaaraha socodka 74.37 (30.10) 71.04 (32.90) 0.31 61.58 (36.55) 54.69 (37.31) 0.03 0.63
Cadence 57.53 (14.33) 55.17 (13.55) 0.44 50.29 (12.00) 53.04 (16.90) 0.44 0.12
Ballaca socodka 30.49 (7.97) 33.51 (8.31) 0.02 29.92 (7.02) 33.33 (8.90) 0.21 0.57
Xagasha suulku ka baxay 12.86 (5.79) 11.57 (6.50) 0.31 11.53 (9.05) 18.89 (12.02) 0.01 0.00

Soo koobida qiyamka celceliska (SD) ee isbeddelada (post, pre) ee doorsoomayaasha natiijada aasaasiga ah iyo sare ee kooxaha RT iyo PT.

3.2.Natiijada

Sidaa daraadeed, falanqaynta ugu dambeysa waxaa ku jira 54 bukaan: 27 ee kooxda RT iyo 27 ee kooxda PT.Da'da, toddobaadyada istaroogga ka dib, jinsiga, dhinaca istaroogga, iyo nooca istaroogga aad ugama duwana labada kooxood (eegShaxda 1).Waxaan ku qiyaasnay ​​horumar anagoo xisaabinayna farqiga u dhexeeya dhibcaha gundhigga iyo 2-usbuuc ee koox kasta.Sababtoo ah xogta si caadi ah looma qaybin, Mann-WhitneyUImtixaanka waxaa loo adeegsaday isbarbardhigga cabbiraadaha asaasiga ah iyo ka dib tababarka ee u dhexeeya labada kooxood.Ma jirin farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya kooxaha wax cabbiraadaha natiijada ka hor daaweynta.

Ka dib 14 kulan oo tababar ah, labada kooxoodba waxay muujiyeen horumar la taaban karo oo ugu yaraan hal cabbir natiijada.Intaa waxaa dheer, kooxda PT waxay soo bandhigeen horumar waxqabad oo aad u weyn (eegShaxda 2).Marka la eego buundooyinka FMA iyo TUG, isbarbardhigga buundooyinka ka hor iyo ka dib 2 toddobaad ee tababarka ayaa muujiyay farqi weyn oo ka dhex jira kooxda PT (P<0.01) (eegShaxda 2iyo farqiga weyn ee kooxda RT (FMA,P= 0.02), laakiin natiijooyinka TUG (P= 0.28) ma muujin wax farqi ah.Isbarbardhigga kooxaha ayaa muujiyay in aysan jirin farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya labada kooxood ee dhibcaha FMA (P= 0.26) ama buundooyinka TUG (P= 0.97).

Marka la eego falanqaynta socodka cabbirka wakhtiga, isbarbardhigga kooxda dhexdeeda, ma jirin farqi weyn ka hor iyo ka dib qayb kasta oo ka mid ah labada kooxood ee ay saamaysay (P> 0.05).Isbarbardhigga kooxda ka dhexjirta ee wejiga lulaynta iska soo horjeeda, kooxda RT waxay ahayd mid aad muhiim u ah.P= 0.01).Marka la eego astaamaha labada dhinac ee addimada hoose ka hor iyo ka dib laba toddobaad oo tababar ah muddada joogsiga iyo muddada lulida, kooxda RT waxay ahayd mid tirokoob ahaan muhiim u ah falanqaynta kooxeed (intragroup).P= 0.04).Intaa waxaa dheer, marxaladda mawqifka, wejiga lulida, iyo saamiga summaynta ee dhinaca yar ee ay dhibaatadu saamaysay iyo dhinaca ay saamaysay ma ahayn mid muhiim ah gudaha iyo inta u dhaxaysa kooxaha (P> 0.05) (eegJaantuska 2).

Fayl dibadeed oo haya sawir, sawir, iwm.Magaca shaygu waa BMRI2021-5820304.002.jpg

Barta madhan waxay u taagan tahay kooxda PT, bar-xiranku waxay u taagan tahay kooxda RT, baarka iftiinka wuxuu u taagan yahay daawaynta ka hor, bar madowna waxay u taagan tahay daawaynta ka dib.∗P<0.05.

Marka laga hadlayo falanqaynta socodka halbeegga booska, ka hor iyo ka dib 2 toddobaad oo tababar ah, waxaa jiray farqi weyn oo ballaca socodka dhinaca dhinaca ay saamaysay (P= 0.02) ee kooxda PT.Kooxda RT, dhinaca ay dhibaatadu saameysey waxay soo bandhigeen farqi weyn oo xagga xawaaraha socodka ah (P= 0.03), xagal ka soo baxayP= 0.01), iyo dhererka socodka (P= 0.03).Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib 14 maalmood oo tababar ah, labada kooxood ma aysan soo bandhigin wax horumar ah oo la taaban karo oo ku saabsan aqoonta.Marka laga reebo farqiga weyn ee tirakoobka ee xagasha suulasha dibadda ah (P= 0.002), ma jiro farqi weyn oo lagu muujiyay isbarbardhigga kooxaha.

4. Dood

Ujeedada ugu weyn ee tijaabadan la kantaroolay ee la kala soocay waxay ahayd in la isbarbar dhigo saamaynta tababbarka socodka ku-caawinta robot-ka (Kooxda RT) iyo tababbarka socodka caadiga ah ee dhulka (PT group) ee bukaannada istaroogga ee hore ee qaba cillad socodka.Natiijooyinka hadda la helay ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in, marka la barbar dhigo tababbarka socodka caadiga ah ee dhulka (kooxda PT), tababarka socodka socodka ee robotka A3 iyadoo la adeegsanayo NX ay leedahay faa'iidooyin dhowr ah oo muhiim ah oo lagu hagaajinayo shaqada mootada.

Daraasado dhowr ah oo hore ayaa sheegay in tababarka socodka Robot-ka oo lagu daray daawaynta jireed ee istaroogga ka dib ay kordhisay suurtogalnimada in la gaaro socod madaxbannaan marka la barbar dhigo tababarka socodka la'aanta qalabkan, iyo dadka helay faragelintan 2 bilood ee ugu horreeya ka dib istaroogga iyo kuwa aan socon karin ayaa la helay. si looga faa'iidaysto [19,20].Mala-awaalkeenii bilawga ahaa wuxuu ahaa in tababarka socodka socodka ee uu caawiyay robot-ku uu ka waxtar badnaan doono tabobar socodka socodka dhulka ee dhaqameed si loo wanaajiyo awooda ciyaaraha, anagoo siinaya habab socod sax ah oo siman si loo habeeyo socodka bukaanka.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaan saadaaliyay in tababarka hore ee robot-caawinta ka dib istaroogga ka dib (ie, sharciyeynta firfircoon ee nidaamka miisaanka luminta, hagaajinta waqtiga dhabta ah ee xoogga hagida, iyo tababbarka firfircoon iyo tababbarka wakhti kasta) ayaa ka faa'iido badan tababarka dhaqameed ee ku salaysan. macluumaadka lagu soo bandhigay luqad cad.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaan sidoo kale qiyaasnay ​​in tababarka socodka ee robotka A3 ee booska toosan uu kicin doono hababka muruqyada iyo maskaxda iyada oo loo marayo soo-celinta soo noqnoqda iyo saxda ah ee habka socodka, taas oo yareyneysa hypertonia spastic iyo hyperreflexia iyo kor u qaadida ka soo kabashada hore ee istaroogga.

Natiijooyinka hadda si buuxda uma aysan xaqiijin fikradaheenna bilowga ah.Dhibcaha FMA ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in labada kooxoodba ay muujiyeen horumar la taaban karo.Intaa waxaa dheer, wajigii hore, adeegsiga aaladda robot-ka si loo tababaro cabbirrada bannaan ee socodka ayaa horseeday waxqabad aad uga wanaagsan marka loo eego tababbarka dhaqancelinta dhulka.Tababarka socodka uu caawiyay robot-ka ka dib, waxaa laga yaabaa in bukaanadu ay awoodi waayaan inay si degdeg ah oo xirfad leh u hirgeliyaan socodka caadiga ah, iyo waqtiga iyo cabbirada bukaannada ayaa xoogaa ka sarreeyay tabobarka ka hor (inkasta oo farqigani aanu ahayn mid muhiim ah,P> 0.05), iyada oo aan farqi weyn u lahayn buundooyinka TUG ka hor iyo ka dib tababarka (P= 0.28).Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoon loo eegin habka, 2 toddobaad oo tababar joogto ah ma beddelin xaddidaadaha wakhtiga bukaanka socodkooda ama inta jeer ee tallaabooyinka xuduudaha booska.

Natiijooyinka hadda jira waxay la socdaan qaar ka mid ah warbixinadii hore, taageeraya fikradda ah in doorka qalabka elektiroonigga ah / qalabka robot uusan weli caddayn [10].Qaar ka mid ah cilmi-baaristii hore ee cilmi-baaristu waxay soo jeediyeen in tababarka socodka robot-ka uu kaalin hore ka ciyaari karo neurorehabilitation, bixinta dareenka saxda ah ee asaasiga ah ee caagga neerfaha iyo saldhigga barashada mootada, taas oo lagama maarmaan u ah helitaanka wax soo saarka dhaqdhaqaaqa ku habboon.21].Bukaannada helay isku-darka tababarka socodka korantada iyo daaweynta jireed ka dib istaroogga waxay u badan tahay inay gaaraan socod madaxbannaan marka la barbardhigo kuwa helay kaliya tababarka socodka caadiga ah, gaar ahaan bilihii 3 ee ugu horreeyay ka dib istaroogga [7,14].Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi-baarisyada qaarkood waxay muujiyeen in ku tiirsanaanta tababarka robot-ka ay hagaajin karto socodka bukaanka ka dib istaroogga.Daraasad ay samaysay Kim et al., 48 bukaan oo 1 sano gudaheed jirro ah ayaa loo qaybiyay koox daaweyn ah oo caawiya robot-ka (0.5 saacadood oo tababar robot ah + 1 saac oo daaweyn jireed) iyo koox daaweyn caadi ah (saacadaha 1.5 ee daaweynta jireed) , iyadoo labada kooxoodba ay helayaan 1.5 saacadood oo daaweyn ah maalintii.Marka la barbar dhigo daaweynta jireed ee dhaqameed oo keliya, natiijadu waxay daaha ka qaaday in isku-darka aaladaha robot-ka iyo daaweynta jireed ay ka sarreysay daaweynta caadiga ah marka loo eego madaxbannaanida iyo dheelitirka [22].

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Mayr iyo asxaabtiisuba waxay sameeyeen daraasad ku saabsan bukaanada qaangaarka ah ee 66 oo leh celcelis ahaan 5 toddobaad ka dib istaroogga si ay u qiimeeyaan saameynta laba kooxood oo helaya 8 toddobaad ee daaweynta baxnaaninta bukaan-jiifka oo diiradda saarey awoodda socodka iyo baxnaanin socodka (tababarka socodka ku-caawinta robot-ka iyo dhul-dhaqameedka tababarka socodka).Waxaa la sheegay in, inkasta oo ay qaadatay waqti iyo tamar si loo gaaro saamaynta faa'iido leh ee jimicsiga tababarka socodka, labada habba waxay hagaajiyeen shaqada socodka [15].Sidoo kale, Duncan et al.baadhay saamaynta tababbarka jimicsiga hore (2 bilood ka dib bilawga istaroogga), tababarka jimicsiga daahay (6 bilood ka dib bilawga istaroogga), iyo qorshaha jimicsiga guriga (2 bilood ka dib bilawga istaroogga) si loo barto miisaanka-taageeray orodka istaroogga ka dib, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa ugu fiican wakhtiga iyo waxtarka faragelinta dayactirka farsamada.Waxaa la ogaaday in, ka mid ah 408 bukaannada qaangaarka ah ee qaba istaroogga (2 bilood ka dib istaroogga), tababarka jimicsiga, oo ay ku jiraan isticmaalka tababbarka treadmill ee taageerada miisaanka, kama fiicna daaweynta jimicsiga ee uu sameeyo daaweeyaha jireed ee guriga.8].Hidler iyo asxaabtiisuba waxay soo jeediyeen daraasad RCT oo badan oo ay ku jiraan 72 bukaan oo qaangaar ah wax ka yar 6 bilood ka dib bilawga istaroogga.Qorayaashu waxay soo sheegaan in shakhsiyaadka qaba cillad socodka dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa daran ka dib istaroogga hal-lateral subacute, isticmaalka xeeladaha dhaqancelinta dhaqameed waxay gaari karaan xawaare iyo fogaan ka weyn dhulka marka loo eego tababarka socodka socodka ee caawiya robot-ka (iyadoo la adeegsanayo aaladaha Lokomat) [9].Daraasaddeena, waxaa laga arki karaa isbarbardhigga u dhexeeya kooxaha, marka laga reebo farqiga weyn ee tirakoobka ee xagasha lugaha, dhab ahaantii, saameynta daaweynta ee kooxda PT waxay la mid tahay kooxda RT inta badan.Gaar ahaan marka la eego ballaca socodka, toddobaadyada 2 ee tababarka PT ka dib, isbarbardhigga kooxdu waa mid muhiim ah (P= 0.02).Tani waxay ina xasuusinaysaa in xarumaha tababarka baxnaaninta ee aan lahayn shuruudaha tababarka robot-ka, tababarka socodka socodka caadiga ah ee socodka dhulka dushiisa uu sidoo kale gaari karo saameyn daweyn gaar ah.

Marka la eego saamaynta kiliinikada, natiijooyinka hadda jira waxay si ku meel gaadh ah u soo jeedinayaan, tababarka socodka kiliinikada ee istaroogga hore, marka ballaca socodka bukaanku uu dhibaato leeyahay, tababarka socodka socodka dhulka ee caadiga ah waa in la doortaa;Taas beddelkeeda, marka cabbirrada booska bukaan-socodka (dhererka tillaabada, xawliga, iyo xagasha suulasha) ama cabbirrada wakhtiga (saamiga wejiga summaynta) ay muujiyaan dhibaatada socodka, doorashada tabobar socodka socodka ee uu caawiyay robot-ka ayaa noqon karta mid ku habboon.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaddidaadda ugu weyn ee tijaabada la kantaroolay ee hadda la kala soocay ayaa ahayd wakhtiga tababarka gaaban (2 toddobaad), xaddidaya gabagabada laga soo saari karo natiijooyinkayaga.Waxaa suurtogal ah in kala duwanaanshaha tababarka ee u dhexeeya labada hab la ogaado 4 toddobaad ka dib.Xaddidaadda labaad waxay la xiriirtaa dadka daraasadda.Daraasadda hadda jirta waxaa lagu sameeyay bukaanada qaba xanuunka subacute ee heerarka kala duwan ee darnaanta, mana awoodno inaan kala saarno baxnaanin iskiis ah (macneheedu waa soo kabashada jidhka) iyo baxnaaninta daaweynta.Muddada xulashada (8 toddobaad) laga soo bilaabo bilawga istaroogga waxay ahayd mid aad u dheer, laga yaabo inay ku lug leedahay tiro xad dhaaf ah oo kala duwan oo ah qaloocyada kobaca iskiis ee kala duwan iyo iska caabbinta (tababarka) walbahaarka.Xaddidaadda kale ee muhiimka ah waa la'aanta dhibcaha cabbirka muddada-dheer (tusaale, 6 bilood ama ka badan oo ugu habboon 1 sano).Waxaa intaa dheer, bilawga daawaynta (ie, RT) goor hore lagama yaabo in ay keento farqi la qiyaasi karo oo natiijooyinka muddada-gaaban ah, xitaa haddii ay ku guulaysato faraqa natiijooyinka muddada-dheer.

5. Gabagabo

Daraasaddan hordhaca ah waxay muujinaysaa in labadaba A3 robot-caawinta tabobar socodka socodka iyo tababarka socodka caadiga ah ee dhulka ay qayb ahaan wanaajin karaan awoodda socodka bukaanka istaroogga 2 toddobaad gudahood.

Mahadnaq

Waxaan u mahadcelineynaa Benjamin Knight, MSc., oo ka socda Liwen Bianji, Editing China (Edanz Editing)http://www.liwenbianji.cn/ac), si loo tafatiro qoraalka Ingiriisiga ee qabyada qoraalkan.

Helitaanka Xogta

Xogta loo adeegsaday daraasaddan waxa laga heli karaa qoraaga u dhigma codsi macquul ah.

Khilaafaadka Danaha

Qorayaashu waxay caddeeyeen in aanay jirin iska hor imaad daneed.

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