Unyango loMsebenzi

Yintoni Unyango Lwezemisebenzi?

Unyango lomsebenzi (OT) luhlobo lwendlela yonyango lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili esijolise ekungasebenzini kakuhle kwezigulana.Yindlela yokubuyisela ejolise kumsebenzi obandakanya izigulana ukuba zithathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwimisebenzi yempangelo efanaI-ADL, imveliso, imidlalo yokuzonwabisa kunye nentsebenziswano yentlalontle.Ngaphezu koko, iqeqesha kwaye ivavanye izigulana ukubanceda ukuba baphinde baphile ngokuzimeleyo.Igxininisa ukuphindaphinda kwemisebenzi, imisebenzi, imiqobo, inxaxheba, kunye neemeko zabo zemvelaphi, kwaye yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonyango lwangoku lokubuyisela.

Umxholo wonyango wokusebenza kufuneka uhambelane nenjongo yonyango.Khetha imisebenzi efanelekileyo yomsebenzi, yenza ukuba izigulane zigqibe ngaphezu kwe-80% yomxholo wonyango, kwaye uvumele ukuba basebenzise ngokupheleleyo amalungu abo angasebenzi kakuhle.Ukongezelela, xa kuqwalaselwa umphumo wonyango lwendawo, impembelelo kumsebenzi womzimba wonke kufuneka iphinde ithathelwe ingqalelo ukunyusa amandla ezigulane.

Indima yonyango lomsebenzi kukuphucula umsebenzi womzimba kunye nemeko yengqondo yezigulane, ukuphucula i-ADL, ukubonelela izigulane ngokuphila okuguquguqukayo kunye nendawo yokusebenza, ukuhlakulela imbono yezigulane kunye nokuqonda, nokuzilungiselela ukubuyela kubomi obuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Uqeqesho lomsebenzi lukwanoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kwaye lufanelekile kwabo bafuna ukwenza njalokuphucula ukusebenza kwemilenze yemilenze, ukuphucula amandla okubona umzimba, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo, kunye nokuphucula isimo sengqondo.Ngokukodwa, ibandakanya izifo zenkqubo ye-nervous, ezifanastroke, ukwenzakala kwengqondo, isifo sikaParkinson, ukwenzakala komnqonqo, ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo, ukwenzakala kwengqondo,njl.izifo geriatric, ezifanaukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo, njl.izifo osteoarticular, ezifanaukwenzakala kwe-osteoarticular, i-osteoarthritis, ukwenzakala kwesandla, ukunqunyulwa, ukutshintshwa kwamalungu, utyando lwe-tendon, ukutshisa, njl.izifo zonyango, ezifanaisifo senhliziyo, isifo esingapheliyo, njl.isifo semiphunga esithintelayo, esifanaisifo samathambo, isifo seswekile, njl.izifo zabantwana, ezifanai-cerebral palsy, ukuzalwa kakubi, ukudodobala, njl.izifo zengqondo, ezifanaukudandatheka, ixesha lokubuyisela i-schizophrenia, njl. Nangona kunjalo,ayifanelekanga kwizigulane ezinengqondo engaqondakaliyo kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwengqondo, izigulane ezibalulekileyo, kunye nezigulane ezine-cardiopulmonary enzima, i-hepatorenal dysfunction.

Ukuhlelwa koNyango lwezeMisebenzi

(1) Ukuhlelwa ngokwenjongo yeOT

1. I-OT ye-dyskinesias, njengalezo zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa amandla emisipha, ukuphucula uluhlu oluhlangeneyo lokunyakaza, kunye nokwandisa ukulungelelanisa.

2. I-OT yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo: ngokukodwa kwizigulane ezinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengentlungu, i-proprioception, umbono, ukuthintela kunye neminye imiqobo kwingqalelo, imemori, ukucinga, njl. ukutyeshela indlela yoqeqesho.

3. I-OT yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentetho, njenge-aphasia kunye ne-articulation disorder kwizigulane ze-hemiplegic.

4. I-OT yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nengqondo yokulawula ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nesimo sengqondo.

I-5. I-OT yokuphazamiseka komsebenzi kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwentlalontle ekuphuculeni amandla ezigulane ukulungelelanisa uluntu kunye nokuphila ngokuzimela.Le yeyona ngxaki iphambili ekufuneka isonjululwe ngunyango lomsebenzi.

(2) Ukuhlelwa ngokwegama le-OT
1. ADL:Ukufezekisa ukuzinyamekela, izigulana kufuneka ziphindaphinde imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokugqoka imihla ngemihla, ukutya, ukuzicoca kunye nokuhamba.Izigulana zoyisa imiqobo yazo kwaye ziphucule amandla azo okuzikhathalela nge-OT.

a, Gcina i-postures efanelekileyo: Izigulane ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo zokulala kunye nezikhundla, kodwa umgaqo oqhelekileyo kukugcina izikhundla ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza, ukuthintela ukukhubazeka kwekhontrakthi, kunye nokuthintela imiphumo emibi yeendlela ezimbi kwizifo.

b, Guqula uqeqesho: Ngokubanzi, izigulane ezisebhedini kufuneka zijike rhoqo.Ukuba imeko iyavuma, vumela izigulane zizame ukuzijika ngokwazo.

c, Ukuhlala phantsi uqeqesho: Ngoncedo lweengcali zonyango, vumela izigulane zihlale zisuka kwindawo yokulala, kwaye emva koko ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala ukuya kwindawo yokulala.

d, Uqeqesho loTshintsho: Ukudluliselwa phakathi kwebhedi kunye nesitulo esinamavili, isitulo esinamavili nesitulo, isitulo esinamavili kunye nendlu yangasese.

e, Uqeqesho lokutya: Ukutya nokusela ziinkqubo ezibanzi nezintsonkothileyo.Xa usitya, lawula ubungakanani bokutya kunye nesantya sokutya.Ukongeza, lawula ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nesantya sokusela.

f, Uqeqesho lokunxiba: Ukunxiba kunye nokukhulula uqeqesho lufuna izakhono ezininzi ukugqiba, kubandakanywa amandla emisipha, amandla okulinganisa, uluhlu oludibeneyo lwentshukumo, ukuqonda kunye nokukwazi ukuqonda.Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lobunzima, ziqhelanise ukusuka ekuthatheni ukuya ekunxibeni, ukusuka kwiingubo eziphezulu ukuya kwezisezantsi.

g, Ukuqeqeshwa kwezindlu zangasese: Kufuna izakhono zokunyakaza ezisisiseko zezigulane, kwaye izigulane kufuneka zikwazi ukufezekisa ukulungelelaniswa kokuhlala kunye nokuma, ukuhanjiswa komzimba, njl.

2. Imisebenzi yonyango: Imisebenzi ekhethwe ngononophelo ukuphucula ukungasebenzi kwesigulane ngemisebenzi ethile okanye izixhobo.Umzekelo, izigulana ze-hemiplegic ezinokuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwemilenze ephezulu zinokuguba iplastiki, zijije i-nut, njl.

3. Imisebenzi enemveliso yabasebenzi:Olu hlobo lomsebenzi lufanelekile kwizigulane eziye zachacha ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, okanye izigulane ezingasebenzi kakuhle.Ngelixa besenza unyango lomsebenzi womsebenzi, banokuphinda benze ixabiso lezoqoqosho, njengemisebenzi yezandla efana nokuchwela.

4. Imisebenzi yengqondo nentlalontle:Imeko yengqondo yezigulana iya kutshintsha ngandlel’ ithile emva kotyando okanye kwixesha lokuchacha kwesifo.Olu hlobo lwe-OT lunceda izigulane zihlengahlengise imeko yazo yengqondo, zigcine ukuvisisana phakathi kwezigulane kunye noluntu, kwaye zibenza babe nesimo sengqondo esihle.

Uvavanyo loNyango loMsebenzi

Ingqwalasela yovavanyo lwesiphumo se-OT kukuvavanya iqondo lokungasebenzi kakuhle.Ngeziphumo zovavanyo, sinokuqonda ukulinganiselwa kunye neengxaki zezigulane.Ngokombono wonyango lomsebenzi, sinokumisela iinjongo zoqeqesho kwaye senze isicwangciso soqeqesho ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo.Kwaye vumela izigulane ukuba zithathe uqeqesho lokubuyisela ngokuvavanywa rhoqo (umsebenzi we-motor, umsebenzi we-sensory, i-ADL ikhono, njl.) kunye nemisebenzi efanelekileyo yomsebenzi.

Ukushwankathela
Iingcali zonyango emsebenzini ziingcali eziphumeza unyango lomsebenzi ekubuyiseleni umntu kwisimo sangaphambili.Unyango lomsebenzi, unyango lomzimba, unyango lokuthetha, njl. njl. ludidi lweyeza lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.I-OT iye yavela njengoko iqhubeka ikhula, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iye yaqatshelwa kwaye yamkelwa.I-OT inokunceda izigulane kwiinkalo ezininzi, kwaye izigulane ezininzi zifumana kwaye ziyayiqaphela kunyango.Inokunceda kakhulu izigulane ukuba ziphinde zifumane amandla azo okuthatha inxaxheba kuluntu kwaye zibuyele kwiintsapho zazo.

“Unyango lomsebenzi lubuchule obukhethekileyo obunethiyori kunye nesiseko esisebenzayo.Injongo yalo kukuvumela abagulayo nabakhubazekileyo ukuba basebenzise imisebenzi ekhethiweyo yokuphucula nokubuyisela imisebenzi yabo yomzimba, yengqondo, kunye nentlalontle kakhulu.Ikhuthaza abagulayo nabakhubazekileyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nokwandisa ukuzithemba kwabo ekuzihlaleleni ngokuzimeleyo.“

Sibonelela ngezinyeizixhobo ze-OTkunye neerobhothi ezithengiswayo, zive ukhululekile ukujonga kwayebuza.