Stroke yog qhov ua rau tuag nyob rau hauv Suav teb rau 30 xyoo dhau los, nrog rau qhov xwm txheej siab txog 39.9% thiab cov neeg tuag ntau dua 20%, ua rau ntau dua 1.9 lab tus neeg tuag txhua xyoo.Cov kws kho mob hauv Suav teb thiab cov koom haum kho mob kho mob tau sau lub cev paub txog kev mob stroke.Cia wb mus saib ntxiv.
1. Mob stroke yog dab tsi?
Mob stroke feem ntau manifests li hais lus slurred, loog loog ntawm nqua, tsis nco qab, fainting, hemiplegia, thiab ntau dua.Nws tau muab faib ua ob pawg: 1) Ischemic stroke, uas yog kho nrog intravenous thrombolysis thiab thaum muaj xwm ceev thrombectomy;2) Hemorrhagic stroke, qhov kev tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv los ntshav, txo cov hlwb puas hlwb, thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem.
2. Yuav kho li cas?
1) Ischemic Stroke (Cerebral Infarction)
Qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau cerebral infarction yog ultra-thaum ntxov intravenous thrombolysis, thiab arterial thrombolysis lossis thrombectomy tuaj yeem siv rau qee tus neeg mob.Kev kho thrombolytic nrog alteplase tuaj yeem siv tau li ntawm 3-4.5 teev ntawm qhov pib, thiab kev kho thrombolytic nrog urokinase tuaj yeem muab rau hauv 6 teev ntawm qhov pib.Yog tias cov xwm txheej rau thrombolysis tau ua tiav, kev kho thrombolytic nrog alteplase tuaj yeem txo tus neeg mob qhov tsis taus thiab txhim kho qhov kev mob tshwm sim.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov neurons hauv lub hlwb tsis tuaj yeem rov tsim dua tshiab, yog li kev kho mob cerebral infarction yuav tsum tau raws sijhawm thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua sijhawm.
① Intravenous Thrombolysis yog dab tsi?
Intravenous thrombolytic therapy dissolves lub thrombus thaiv cov hlab ntsha, recanalizes cov hlab ntsha obstructed, restores cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg sai, thiab txo cov necrosis ntawm lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm ischemia.Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau thrombolysis yog nyob rau hauv 3 teev tom qab pib.
② Emergency Thrombectomy yog dab tsi?
Thrombectomy koom nrog tus kws kho mob siv lub tshuab DSA kom tshem tawm cov emboli thaiv hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm kev siv lub thrombectomy stent lossis ib lub tshuab nqus tsev tshwj xeeb kom ua tiav cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb.Nws yog feem ntau haum rau mob cerebral infarction tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj occlusion, thiab vascular recanalization tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag 80%.Tam sim no nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws minimally invasive phais rau cov hlab ntsha loj occlusive cerebral infarction.
2) Hemorrhagic Stroke
Qhov no suav nrog cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, thiab lwm yam. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob yog tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob rov los ntshav, txo cov hlwb puas hlwb los ntawm cerebral hemorrhage, thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem.
3. Yuav txheeb xyuas tus mob stroke li cas?
1) Tus neeg mob dheev ntsib kev tsis sib haum xeeb, taug kev tsis tu ncua, staggering li yog qaug dej qaug cawv;los yog limb lub zog yog qhov qub tab sis tsis muaj qhov tseeb.
2) Tus neeg mob muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev, ob lub qhov muag tsis pom kev;los yog qhov muag txawv txav.
3) Tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj ces kaum yog crooked thiab nasolabial folds yog ntiav.
4) Tus neeg mob muaj kev qaug zog, tsis muaj zog hauv kev taug kev lossis tuav cov khoom;los yog loog ntawm cov ceg.
5) Tus neeg mob hais lus yog slurred thiab vague.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas muaj qhov txawv txav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua sai sai, sib tw nrog lub sijhawm, thiab nrhiav kev kho mob sai li sai tau.
4. Yuav tiv thaiv mob stroke li cas?
1) Cov neeg mob ntshav siab yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau kev tswj ntshav siab thiab ua raws li cov tshuaj.
2) Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab yuav tsum tswj lawv cov kev noj haus thiab noj cov tshuaj uas txo qis lipid.
3) Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yuav tsum ua haujlwm tiv thaiv thiab kho ntshav qab zib.
4) Cov neeg uas muaj atrial fibrillation lossis lwm yam kab mob plawv yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav kev kho mob.
Hauv luv luv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom noj qab haus huv, qoj ib ce me ntsis, thiab tswj lub siab zoo hauv lub neej txhua hnub.
5. Lub Sijhawm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Kho Mob stroke
Tom qab tus neeg mob stroke tus mob tau ruaj khov, lawv yuav tsum pib kho dua tshiab thiab kev cuam tshuam sai li sai tau.
Cov neeg mob uas mob stroke me mus rau nruab nrab, nws tus kab mob yuav tsis muaj kev vam meej ntxiv lawm, tuaj yeem pib kho lub txaj pw thiab kev cob qhia txog kev kho mob thaum ntxov 24 teev tom qab cov cim tseem ceeb ruaj khov.Kev kho mob rov qab yuav tsum tau pib ntxov, thiab lub sijhawm kub ntawm kev kho mob rov qab yog 3 lub hlis tom qab mob stroke.
Kev cob qhia thiab kev kho kom zoo raws sij hawm thiab kho tau zoo tuaj yeem txo cov neeg tuag thiab kev tsis taus.Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob stroke yuav tsum muaj xws li kev kho mob thaum ntxov, ntxiv rau kev kho cov tshuaj ib txwm siv.Ntev npaum li cov xwm txheej rau kev kho mob stroke ntxov tau nkag siab zoo thiab cov xwm txheej pheej hmoo raug saib xyuas zoo, qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov neeg mob tuaj yeem txhim kho, kev ua neej zoo dua qub, lub sijhawm pw hauv tsev kho mob luv luv, thiab tus nqi rau cov neeg mob txo.
6. Kev kho mob thaum ntxov
1) Muab cov ceg tawv zoo rau ntawm lub txaj: txoj hauj lwm supine, txoj hauj lwm pw ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, pab pawg nyob rau sab noj qab haus huv.
2) Tsis tu ncua tig mus rau hauv txaj: Txawm hais tias koj txoj hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum tig txhua 2 teev, zaws lub zog, thiab txhawb cov ntshav ncig.
3) Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm hemiplegic libs: Tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke thiab cov leeg nqaij atrophy thaum cov cim tseem ceeb nyob ruaj khov 48 teev tom qab mob stroke thiab thawj cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj kev vam meej.
4) Cov kev ua si hauv txaj: Sab qaum thiab lub xub pwg sib koom ua ke, pab txhawb kev tig, kev cob qhia txaj txaj.
Kawm txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm mob stroke.Thaum mob stroke tshwm sim, hu rau tus xov tooj xwm ceev kom sai li sai tau los yuav lub sijhawm tus neeg mob rau kev kho mob.
Vam tias tsab xov xwm no yuav pab tau koj.
Cov kab lus los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Association of Rehabilitation Medicine
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-24-2023