I-Stroke iye yaba ngunobangela ophambili wokufa kwabantu e-China kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo, izinga lezehlo liphezulu ukuya kuma-39.9% kunye nezinga lokufa elingaphezu kwe-20%, elibangela ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwe-1.9 yezigidi minyaka le.Oogqirha baseTshayina kunye nemibutho yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo baye baqulunqa ulwazi malunga ne-stroke.Makhe sihlolisise.
1. Yintoni i-Acute Stroke?
I-stroke ngokuyintloko ibonakalisa intetho engacacanga, ukuba ndindisholo kwemilenze, ingqondo ephazamisekileyo, isiqaqa, i-hemiplegia, nokunye.Ikwahlulwe ngamacandelo amabini: 1) I-Ischemic stroke, ephathwa nge-thrombolysis ye-intravenous kunye ne-thrombectomy engxamisekileyo;I-2) I-stroke ye-Hemorrhagic, apho kugxininisekile ekukhuseleni ukuphindaphinda, ukunciphisa umonakalo weeseli zengqondo, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.
2. Indlela yokuyiNyanga?
1) Ischemic Stroke (Cerebral Infarction)
Olona nyango lulungileyo lwe-cerebral infarction yi-ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis, kunye ne-arterial thrombolysis okanye i-thrombectomy ingasetyenziselwa ezinye izigulane.Unyango lwe-Thrombolytic nge-alteplase lunokulawulwa kwiiyure ezingama-3-4.5 zokuqala, kwaye unyango lwe-thrombolytic nge-urokinase lunokunikwa kwiiyure ze-6 zokuqala.Ukuba iimeko ze-thrombolysis zidibene, unyango lwe-thrombolytic kunye ne-alteplase lunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhubazeka kwesigulane kunye nokuphucula i-prognosis.Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-neurons kwingqondo ayikwazi ukuhlaziya, ngoko ke unyango lwe-cerebral infarction kufuneka lufike ngexesha kwaye alufanele ukulibaziseka.
① Yintoni i-Intravenous Thrombolysis?
Unyango lwe-Intravenous thrombolytic lunyibilikisa i-thrombus evalela umthambo wegazi, ibuyisela umthambo wegazi othintelweyo, ibuyisela unikezelo lwegazi kwizicubu zobuchopho ngokukhawuleza, kwaye inciphisa i-necrosis yezicubu zobuchopho ezibangelwa yi-ischemia.Ixesha elifanelekileyo le-thrombolysis lingaphakathi kweeyure ezi-3 emva kokuqala.
② Yintoni i-Emergency Thrombectomy?
I-Thrombectomy ibandakanya ugqirha usebenzisa umatshini we-DSA ukususa i-emboli evaliweyo kwisitya segazi ngokusebenzisa i-stent ye-thrombectomy okanye i-catheter ekhethekileyo yokufunxa ukufezekisa ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo yegazi ye-cerebral.Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwi-acute cerebral infarction ebangelwa yi-occlusion enkulu yomkhumbi, kwaye izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwe-vascular lingafikelela kwi-80%.Ngoku lolona tyando lusebenzayo oluncinci lwe-occlusive cerebral infarction enkulu.
2) I-Hemorrhagic Stroke
Oku kubandakanya ukopha ebuchotsheni, ukopha kwe-subarachnoid, njl.
3. Uchonga njani iStroke?
I-1) Isigulane ngokukhawuleza sifumana ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela, sihamba ngokungazinzi, sigxadazela ngokungathi sinxilile;okanye amandla elungu aqhelekile kodwa akachanekanga.
2) Isigulane sinombono ophazamisayo, umbono ophindwe kabini, i-difect field field;okanye indawo yeliso engaqhelekanga.
3) Iikona zomlomo wesigulane zigoso kwaye i-nasolabial folds ayinzulu.
4) Isigulane sifumana ubuthathaka bomzimba, ukungazinzi ekuhambeni okanye ukubamba izinto;okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwamalungu.
5) Intetho yesigulana ayicacanga kwaye ayicacanga.
Xa kukho nakuphi na ukungahambi kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza, ubuhlanga ngokuchasene nexesha, kwaye ufune unyango lwamayeza ngokukhawuleza.
4. UThintelwa Njani iStroke?
I-1) Izigulane ezixinzelelekileyo kufuneka zihlawule ingqalelo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye zibambelele kumayeza.
I-2) Izigulane ezine-cholesterol ephezulu kufuneka zilawule ukutya kwazo kwaye zithathe iziyobisi zokunciphisa i-lipid.
I-3) Izigulane zesifo seswekile kunye namaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka athintele kwaye aphathe isifo sikashukela.
I-4) Abo bane-fibrillation ye-atrial okanye ezinye izifo zentliziyo kufuneka bafune ngenkuthalo unyango.
Ngamafutshane, kubalulekile ukutya okunempilo, ukwenza umthambo ngokumodareyitha, kwaye ugcine isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
5. Ixesha eliBalulekileyo lokuBuyiselwa kwisiTrowuku
Emva kokuba imeko yesigulane se-stroke ebukhali izinzile, kufuneka baqale ukubuyisela kunye nokungenelela ngokukhawuleza.
Izigulane ezine-stroke ethambileyo ukuya kwimodareyitha, isifo esingayi kuphinda siqhubele phambili, sinokuqalisa ukulungiswa kwebhedi kunye nokuqeqeshwa kokuvuselela umbhede wokuqala kwiiyure ze-24 emva kokuba iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zizinzile.Unyango lokubuyisela kufuneka luqalwe kwangoko, kwaye ixesha legolide lonyango lokubuyisela kwiinyanga ezi-3 emva kokuphazamiseka.
Uqeqesho olufike ngexesha kunye nolusemgangathweni lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nonyango kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokufa kunye nokukhubazeka.Ngoko ke, unyango lwezigulane ze-stroke kufuneka lubandakanye unyango lokubuyisela kwangaphambili, ngaphezu konyango oluqhelekileyo lweziyobisi.Ngethuba nje iimeko zokubuyiselwa kwe-stroke kwangaphambili ziqondwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye imingcipheko ibekwe esweni ngokusondeleyo, i-prognosis yezigulane inokuphuculwa, umgangatho wobomi uphuculwe, ixesha lokulaliswa esibhedlele lifutshane, kunye neendleko zezigulane ziyancipha.
6. UkuBuyiselwa Kwangethuba
I-1) Beka imilenze emihle ebhedini: indawo yokulala, indawo yokulala kwicala elichaphazelekayo, indawo yeqela kwicala eliphilileyo.
I-2) Ukuguqula rhoqo ebhedini: Kungakhathaliseki isikhundla sakho, kufuneka uguqule zonke iiyure ze-2, uphulule iindawo ezixinzelelekileyo, kwaye ukhuthaze ukujikeleza kwegazi.
I-3) Imisebenzi ye-Passive ye-hemiplegic imilenze: Ukuthintela i-spasms edibeneyo kunye ne-muscle disuse atrophy xa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zizinzile kwiiyure ze-48 emva kwe-stroke kunye nesifo se-nervous ye-primary system sizinzile kwaye asisaqhubeki.
I-4) Imisebenzi ye-bed mobility: Umlenze ophezulu kunye nokunyakaza okuhlangeneyo kwegxalaba, ukuqeqeshwa kokuguqulwa okuncediswayo, uqeqesho lokusebenzisa ibhulorho yokulala.
Funda ukuchonga iimpawu zokuqala ze-stroke.Xa ukubetha kwenzeka, fowunela inombolo engxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuze uthenge ixesha lesigulane sonyango.
Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liluncedo kuwe.
Eli nqaku livela kuMbutho waseTshayina wezoNyango loBuyiselo
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-24-2023