Chii chinonzi Bobath Technique?
Bobath tekinoroji, inozivikanwawo seneuro developmental therapy (NDT), irikuongororwa uye kurapwa kwevanhu vane cerebral palsy uye mamwe akabatana neurological mamiriro..Iyo tekinoroji yekurapa yakavambwa neBritish physiotherapist Berta Bobath nemurume wake Karel Bobath mukuita.Inokodzera kugadziridzwa kwekusagadzikana kwemotokari kunokonzerwa nekukuvara kwepakati tsinga.
Chinangwa chekushandisa iyo Bobath pfungwa ndeyekusimudzira kudzidza mota kune inoshanda kudzora mota munzvimbo dzakasiyana, nekudaro kuvandudza kutora chikamu uye kushanda.
Chii chinonzi Basic Theory yeBobath Technique?
Kukuvadzwa kwepakati penheyo system kunotungamirira kusunungurwa kwekare reflexes uye kuumbwa kwemaitiro asina kujairika uye maitiro ekufamba.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kushandisa reflexive kudzvanya kudzvanya maitiro asina kujairika uye mafambiro ekufamba nekudzora akakosha mapoinzi;trigger posture reflexes uye kuenzanisa maitiro kusimudzira kuumbwa kwemaitiro akajairwa uye kuitisa kwakasiyana siyana kudzora maitiro ekudzidzira.
Basic Concepts dzeBhobhati
1. Reflex inhibition:shandisa maitiro akatarisana ne spasm pateni kudzvinyirira spasm inosanganisira reflex inhibition pateni (RIP) uye tonic yakafurirwa posture (TIP).
2. Key point control:mapoinzi akakosha anoreva zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri wemunhu, izvo zvine chekuita kwakakosha pakukakavadzana kwemisumbu yemamwe mativi emuviri kana mitezo;varapi vanoshandisa zvikamu izvi chaizvo kuti vawane chinangwa chekuvharisa spasm uye abnormal postural reflex uye kukurudzira yakajairika postural reflex.
3. Kurudzira postural reflex:tungamira varwere kuti vagadzire maitiro ekushanda kuburikidza nemamwe mabasa chaiwo uye kuti vadzidze kubva kune aya anoshanda masisitimu kuti awane mhedzisiro yekurapa.
4. Sensory stimulation:shandisa manzwiro akasiyana-siyana kurambidza kufamba kusiri kujairika kana kusimudzira mafambiro akajairwa, uye zvinosanganisira kufadza uye kuvharidzira kukurudzira.
Ndezvipi Misimboti yeBhobhati?
(1) Simbisa manzwiro evarwere ekudzidza kufamba
Bobath anotenda kuti manzwiro ekurovedza muviri anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekudzokorora kudzidza uye kudzidziswa.Kudzidzira kwakadzokororwa kwenzira yekufamba uye kufamba kwemaitiro kunogona kukurudzira varwere kuti vawane pfungwa yekufamba kwakajairika.Kuti udzidze uye hunyanzvi hwekunzwa mota, akati wandei ekudzidzisa manzwi emota akasiyana anodiwa.Varapi vanofanira kugadzira kudzidziswa maererano nemamiriro evarwere uye matambudziko aripo, izvo zvisingangokonzeri mhinduro dzine chinangwa, asi zvakare kunyatso funga kana vachigona kupa varwere mikana yakafanana yekudzokorora mota.Kungodzokorora kudzokorora uye mafambiro anogona kusimudzira nekubatanidza kudzidza kwekufamba.Kufanana nemwana chero upi zvake kana mukuru ari kudzidza hunyanzvi hutsva, varwere vanoda kuenderera mberi nekukurudzira uye kudzokorora mikana yekudzidzira kusanganisa mafambiro akadzidzwa.
(2) Simbisa kudzidza maitiro ekutanga uye maitiro ekutanga ekufamba
Kufamba kwega kwega kunoitika zvichienderana nematanho ekutanga akadai sekutonga kwemaitiro, kugadzirisa mhinduro, kuenzanisa kupindura uye dzimwe mhinduro dzekudzivirira, kubata uye kuzorora.Bobath yaigona kudzvanya mafambiro asina kujairika zvinoenderana neyakajairwa budiriro yemuviri wemunhu.Mukuwedzera, zvinogona kuita kuti varwere vadzidze zvishoma nezvishoma maitiro ekufambisa kwemaitiro kuburikidza nekugadzirisa pfungwa huru, kuunza iyo yakakwirira-level nervous system response, yakadai se: kugadzirisa mhinduro, kuenzanisa kupindura uye mamwe maitiro ekudzivirira, kuitira kuti varwere vagone kukunda kufamba kusina kujairika. maitiro, zvishoma nezvishoma ruzivo uye kuwana zvakajairika kufamba sensation uye chiitiko.
(3) Gadzira zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa zvinoenderana nekukura kwekutevedzana kwekufamba
Zvirongwa zvekudzidziswa kwevarwere zvinofanirwa kuenderana nemazinga ekukura kwavo.Munguva yekuyerwa, varwere vanofanira kuongororwa kubva pakuona kwekukura uye kurapwa muhurongwa hwekutevedzana kwekukura.Normal motor development iri muhurongwa kubva kumusoro kusvika kutsoka uye kubva padyo-kumagumo kuenda kure-kumagumo.Kutevedzana chaiko kwekukura kwemota kunowanzo kubva pachinzvimbo chepamusoro - kutendeuka - chinzvimbo chemberi - chinzvimbo chetsigiro yegokora - kugara - kupfugama kwemaoko nemabvi - kupfugama kwemabvi ese - kumira.
(4) Rapa varwere vose zvavo
Bobath akasimbisa kuti varwere vanofanirwa kudzidziswa sese panguva yekudzidziswa.Kwete chete kurapa varwere vane nhengo dzemakumbo kusashanda zvakanaka, asiwo kukurudzira varwere kuti vashingaire kutora chikamu mukurapa uye kurangarira manzwiro emakumbo panguva yekurovedza muviri.Paunenge uchidzidzisa nhengo dzezasi dzevarwere vehemiplegic, teerera kuvharidzira kutaridzika kwepamusoro spasm.Mukupedzisa, kudzivirira zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri zvevarwere, tora varwere pamwe chete kuti vagadzire zvirongwa zvekurapa uye zvekudzidzisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-12-2020