Bobath Technique

Bobath Technique ke Eng?

Mokhoa oa Bobath, o tsejoang hape e le neuro Developmental therapy (NDT), kebakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea batho ba nang le cerebral palsy le maemo a mang a amanang le methapo ea kutlo..Ke thekenoloji ea phekolo e thehiloeng ke setsebi sa physiotherapist sa Brithani Berta Bobath le monna oa hae Karel Bobath ha ba ntse ba sebetsa.E loketse ho tsosolosoa ha ho se sebetse ha motlakase ho bakoang ke kotsi ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea bohareng.

Sepheo sa ho sebelisa mohopolo oa Bobath ke ho khothaletsa thuto ea makoloi bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ea makoloi libakeng tse fapaneng, ka hona ho ntlafatsa ho kenya letsoho le tšebetso.

Khopolo ea Motheo ea Bobath Technique ke Efe?

Kotsi ho tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng e lebisa ho lokolloa ha li-reflexes tsa khale le ho thehoa ha maemo a sa tloaelehang le mekhoa ea ho sisinyeha.
Ka lebaka leo, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa khatello ea maikutlo ho thibela mekhoa e sa tloaelehang le mekhoa ea ho sisinyeha ka ho laola lintlha tsa bohlokoa;trigger posture reflexes le ho leka-lekana ho itšoara ho khothalletsa ho thehoa ha mekhoa e tloaelehileng le ho tsamaisa koetliso e fapaneng ea ho laola boikoetliso.

Mehopolo ea Motheo ea Bobath

1. Thibelo ea Reflex:sebelisa li-postures tse fapaneng le mokhoa oa spasm ho hatella spasm ho kenyelletsa le reflex inhibition pattern (RIP) le tonic e susumelitsoeng kemiso (TIP).

2. Taolo ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa:lintlha tsa bohlokoa li bua ka likarolo tse itseng tsa 'mele oa motho, tse nang le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ho tsitsipano ea mesifa ea likarolo tse ling tsa' mele kapa maoto le matsoho;litsebi li sebelisa likarolo tsena tse khethehileng ho finyella morero oa ho thibela spasm le reflex e sa tloaelehang ea postural le ho khothalletsa mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa postural reflex.

3. Khothaletsa postural reflex:tataisa bakuli hore ba thehe mekhoa e sebetsang ka mesebetsi e itseng e itseng le ho ithuta ho tsoa ho mekhoa ena e sebetsang ho finyella liphello tsa phekolo.

4. Sensory stimulation:sebelisa maikutlo a fapaneng ho thibela ho sisinyeha ho sa tloaelehang kapa ho khothaletsa metsamao e tloaelehileng, 'me e kenyelletsa ho hlasimolla le ho thibela.

Melao-motheo ea Bobath ke efe?

(1) Hatisa maikutlo a bakuli a ho ithuta ho sisinyeha

Bobath o lumela hore maikutlo a ho ikoetlisa a ka fumanoa ka ho ithuta le ho ikoetlisa khafetsa.Ho ithuta khafetsa ka mokhoa oa ho sisinyeha le ho sisinyeha ha maemo ho ka khothaletsa bakuli ho fumana maikutlo a ho sisinyeha ho tloaelehileng.Ho ithuta le ho tseba ho utloa ha enjene, ho hlokahala linako tse ngata tsa koetliso tsa maikutlo a fapaneng a koloi.Litsebi tsa phekolo li lokela ho qapa koetliso ho latela maemo a bakuli le mathata a teng, a sa susumetseng feela likarabo tse nang le morero, empa hape a nahane ka botlalo hore na a ka fana ka bakuli menyetla e tšoanang ea ho pheta-pheta motlakase.Ke tšusumetso e pheta-phetoang le metsamao feela e ka khothaletsang le ho kopanya thuto ea metsamao.Joalo ka ngoana leha e le ofe kapa motho e moholo ea ithutang tsebo e ncha, bakuli ba hloka khothatso e tsoelang pele le menyetla e pheta-phetoang ea koetliso ho kopanya metsamao e ithutoang.

(2) Hatisa ho ithuta maemo a mantlha le mekhoa ea mantlha ea motsamao

Tsamaiso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etsahala ho latela mekhoa ea motheo e kang ho laola boemo, karabo ea ho lokisa, karabelo e leka-lekaneng le likarabo tse ling tse sireletsang, ho tšoara le ho phomola.Bobath e ka hatella mekhoa e sa tloaelehang ea motsamao ho latela ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea kholo ea 'mele oa motho.Ho phaella moo, e ka susumelletsa bakuli hore butle-butle ba ithute mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho sisinyeha ka mokhoa oa ho laola ntlha ea bohlokoa, ho etsa hore ho be le karabelo ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea boemo bo phahameng, e kang: karabelo ea ho lokisa, ho arabela ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng le mekhoa e meng ea tšireletso, e le hore bakuli ba ka hlōla mekhoa e sa tloaelehang le mekhoa e meng ea tšireletso. li-postures, butle-butle li ba le phihlelo le ho finyella maikutlo a tloaelehileng a ho sisinyeha le mosebetsi.

(3) Hlahisa merero ea koetliso ho ea ka tatellano ea tsoelo-pele ea motsamao

Merero ea koetliso ea bakuli e tlameha ho tsamaellana le maemo a bona a nts'etsopele.Nakong ea tekanyo, bakuli ba lokela ho hlahlojoa ho tloha sebakeng sa tsoelo-pele le ho phekoloa ka tatellano ea tsoelo-pele.Tsoelo-pele ea motlakase e tloaelehileng e ea ka tatellano ho tloha hloohong ho ea leotong le ho tloha haufi-ufi ho ea qetellong.Tatelano e khethehileng ea tsoelo-pele ea motlakase ka kakaretso e tsoa sebakeng sa supine - ho reteleha - boemo ba lateral - boemo ba ho tšehetsa setsoe - ho lula - ho khumama ka matsoho le mangole - ho khumama ka mangole ka bobeli - boemo ba ho ema.

(4) Phekola bakuli ka kakaretso

Bobath o hatelletse hore bakuli ba lokela ho koetlisoa ka kakaretso nakong ea lithupelo.Eseng feela ho tšoara bakuli ba nang le ho se sebetse ha maoto le matsoho, empa hape le ho khothaletsa bakuli ho nka karolo ka mafolofolo kalafong le ho hopola maikutlo a maoto le matsoho nakong ea boikoetliso bo tloaelehileng.Ha u koetlisa maoto le matsoho a tlase a bakuli ba hemiplegic, ela hloko ho thibela ponahalo ea spasm e ka holimo.Qetellong, ho thibela litšitiso tse ling tsa 'mele tsa bakuli, nka bakuli ka kakaretso ho hlahisa merero ea phekolo le koetliso.