Menene Technique Bobath?
Fasahar Bobath, wanda kuma aka sani da Neuro Developmental therapy (NDT), ita cedon kimantawa da kuma kula da mutanen da ke fama da cutar sankarau da sauran cututtukan da ke da alaƙa.Fasaha ce ta jiyya da likitan physiotherapist na Burtaniya Berta Bobath da mijinta Karel Bobath suka kafa a aikace.Ya dace da gyaran gyare-gyare na rashin aikin motsa jiki wanda ya haifar da rauni na tsakiya na tsakiya.
Manufar yin amfani da manufar Boath ita ce haɓaka koyon motsa jiki don ingantacciyar sarrafa mota a wurare daban-daban, ta haka inganta sa hannu da aiki.
Menene Tushen Ka'idar Technique Bobath?
Raunin da ke tattare da tsarin kulawa na tsakiya yana haifar da sakin daɗaɗɗen ra'ayi na farko da kuma samuwar matsayi mara kyau da tsarin motsi.
A sakamakon haka, ya zama dole a yi amfani da raƙuman raɗaɗi don kawar da matsayi mara kyau da tsarin motsi ta hanyar sarrafa mahimman bayanai;haifar da motsin motsin motsi da halayen daidaitawa don haɓaka samuwar ƙirar al'ada da gudanar da horo daban-daban na sarrafa motsa jiki.
Basic Concepts of Bobath
1. Hannun Reflex:Yi amfani da matakan da suka saba da tsarin spasm don kashe spasm ciki har da tsarin hana reflex (RIP) da kuma tasirin tonic (TIP).
2. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci:mahimman bayanai suna nufin wasu takamaiman sassa na jikin ɗan adam, waɗanda ke da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tsokar tsokar wasu sassan jiki ko gaɓa;masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali suna yin amfani da waɗannan takamaiman sassa don cimma manufar hana spasm da rashin daidaituwa na al'ada na baya da kuma inganta haɓakawa na al'ada.
3. Haɓaka reflex na baya:jagorar marasa lafiya don samar da matsayi na aiki ta wasu takamaiman ayyuka kuma don koyo daga waɗannan matakan aiki don cimma tasirin warkewa.
4. Ƙarfafa tunani:yi amfani da jin daɗi daban-daban don hana motsi mara kyau ko haɓaka motsi na yau da kullun, kuma ya haɗa da ƙarfafawa da hanawa.
Menene Ka'idodin Bobath?
(1) Nanata jin motsin koyo na marasa lafiya
Bobath ya yi imanin cewa ana iya samun jin daɗin motsa jiki ta hanyar maimaita koyo da horo.Maimaita koyo na hanyar motsi da matsayi na motsi na iya inganta marasa lafiya don samun ma'anar motsi na al'ada.Don koyo da ƙwarewar motsin motsi, ana buƙatar yawancin zaman horo na motsin motsi iri-iri.Masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ya kamata su tsara horo bisa ga yanayin marasa lafiya da matsalolin da ke akwai, waɗanda ba kawai haifar da amsoshi masu ma'ana ba, amma kuma su yi la'akari sosai ko za su iya ba marasa lafiya dama iri ɗaya don maimaita mota.Maimaituwar haɓakawa da motsi ne kawai zai iya haɓakawa da haɓaka koyan ƙungiyoyi.Kamar kowane yaro ko babba yana koyon sabon fasaha, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar ci gaba da ƙarfafawa da maimaita damar horo don ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin da aka koya.
(2) Nanata koyo na asali matsayi da tsarin motsi na asali
Kowane motsi yana faruwa ne bisa tushen asali kamar sarrafa matsayi, amsa mai gyara, amsa ma'auni da sauran martanin kariya, fahimta da shakatawa.Bobath zai iya murkushe tsarin motsi mara kyau bisa ga tsarin ci gaban al'ada na jikin mutum.Bugu da ƙari, zai iya sa marasa lafiya su koyi tsarin motsi na yau da kullum ta hanyar sarrafa mahimmin mahimmanci, haifar da amsawar tsarin kulawa mai mahimmanci, kamar: amsawar gyarawa, amsa ma'auni da sauran halayen kariya, don haka marasa lafiya zasu iya shawo kan motsin da ba su dace ba matsayi, a hankali kwarewa da cimma burin motsi na al'ada da aiki.
(3) Ƙaddamar da tsare-tsaren horo bisa ga tsarin ci gaba na motsi
Dole ne tsare-tsaren horar da marasa lafiya su kasance daidai da matakan ci gaban su.A lokacin ma'auni, ya kamata a kimanta marasa lafiya daga ra'ayi na ci gaba kuma a bi da su a cikin tsari na ci gaba.Ci gaban mota na yau da kullun yana cikin tsari daga kai zuwa ƙafa kuma daga kusa-ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshen nesa.Ƙayyadaddun tsarin ci gaban mota gabaɗaya daga matsayi na kwance - juyawa - matsayi na gefe - matsayi na goyon bayan gwiwar hannu - zama - durƙusa hannu da gwiwoyi - durƙusa na gwiwoyi biyu - matsayi na tsaye.
(4) Kula da marasa lafiya gaba ɗaya
Bobath ya jaddada cewa yakamata a horar da marasa lafiya gaba daya yayin horo.Ba wai kawai don kula da marasa lafiya da rashin aikin motsa jiki ba, har ma don ƙarfafa marasa lafiya su shiga cikin jiyya da kuma tunawa da jin dadin jiki a lokacin motsa jiki na al'ada.Lokacin horar da ƙananan gaɓoɓin marasa lafiya na hemiplegic, kula da hana bayyanar spasm na sama.A ƙarshe, don hana sauran cikas na jiki na marasa lafiya, ɗauki marasa lafiya gaba ɗaya don haɓaka shirye-shiryen magani da horo.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-12-2020